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DOI: 10.15862/31ES1225 (https://doi.org/10.15862/31ES1225)

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Pazylova A.S., Kadyrova T.K. The role of Chinese investment in the economic development of the Kyrgyz Republic // Экономика и безопасность. — 2025, №12. — URL: https://voenvestnik.ru/PDF/31ES1225.pdf DOI: 10.15862/31ES1225

The role of Chinese investment in the economic development of the Kyrgyz Republic

Pazylova Asel Suyumbaevna
Lecturer, Department of Economics and Finance
Osh Technological University
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8711-4613
Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Kadyrova Tilleaim Kaparovna
Senior lecturer, Department of Economics and Finance
Osh Technological University
Osh, Kyrgyzstan

Abstract. This paper analyzes the scale, structure and regional impact of Chinese investment in the Kyrgyz Republic, with particular attention to its strategic sectors and implications for sustainable economic development. As one of the largest sources of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Kyrgyzstan, China plays an increasingly important role in shaping the country’s economic trajectory, infrastructure modernization and regional integration. The study draws upon statistical data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD and the National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Over the past decade, China has significantly expanded its investment portfolio in Kyrgyzstan, particularly in sectors such as mining, energy, construction, transportation and trade logistics. Much of this investment is linked to China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which positions Kyrgyzstan as a critical transit corridor connecting China with Central Asia and beyond. While these projects have contributed to job creation and infrastructure upgrades, they have also raised questions about long-term economic dependency, debt sustainability and environmental standards.
The analysis reveals that Chinese investment is heavily concentrated in specific regions -especially Chui, Naryn and Osh — due to their proximity to major trade routes and resource — rich areas. However, the benefits of this investment remain uneven, with limited spillover effects in other regions and sectors.
This paper concludes that while Chinese investment brings notable economic opportunities, maximizing its long-term benefits requires a more balanced regional development approach, enhanced transparency in investment agreements and alignment with national development priorities. Understanding the dynamics of Chinese involvement in Kyrgyzstan is essential for policymakers aiming to ensure that foreign investment contributes not only to growth but also to inclusive and sustainable development.
Key words: foreign direct investment, investment climate, region, investment attractiveness, sustainable development, investment potential, Chinese investment, FDI in Central Asia.

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